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Araucana

Araucana is a very rare breed with much controversy and numerous challenges. Hatcheries add to these challenges by misrepresenting their mongrel Easter Eggers as Araucana and Ameraucana chickens. Araucana and Ameraucana chickens are breeds, which are recognized by the American Poultry Association (APA). Easter Eggers are not a recognized breed because they are a cross of different breeds to produce various plumage colors and eggshell colors. Easter eggers are a novelty for backyard folks who enjoy pretty chickens that lay various colored eggs. Enthusiasts typically breed Araucana and Ameraucana to a standard of perfection to preserve their historical value.

The origin of the Araucana is still up for debate, however many believe they came to America from South America, sometime during the 1920’s or 1930’s. The primary reason for breeding Araucana was because of their ability to lay blue eggs. They are often considered dual-purpose fowl and make good table fair. For a smaller standard size breed, hens typically lay nice medium sized eggs.

The Araucana have two distinguishing characteristics that set them apart from the other breeds. They are rumpless (have no tail and the complete absence of a tail bone) and they have tufts (often called “earrings”), which grow from a protuberance (or fingerlike appendage)called a peduncle around the ear lobes or neck area. Tufts can be bilateral, unilateral and even trilateral.

The tufted trait is a lethal gene on Araucana, which makes it difficult to breed. Two copies of the tuft gene are fatal and results in chicks dead in the shell, typically around days 18-21 in incubation. Even a single copy has been known to reduce hatchability, making this breed very difficult to propagate.

The rumpless trait has produced challenges for breeders as well. This includes backs that get very short, from excessive rumpless to rumpless breeding, which results in future generations being unable to breed naturally. Rumplessness does not occur consistently in breeding Araucana, which results in chicks hatching with partial tails and even full tails. This can make for a lot of culling and very few selections to choose from for the show ring.


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Detail Value
Breed Purpose
Dual Purpose
Comb
Pea
Broodiness
Average
Climate Tolerance
All Climates
Egg Productivity
Medium
Egg Size
Medium
Egg Color
Blue/Green
Breed Temperament
Friendly,Flighty,Bears confinement well,Quiet
Breed Colors/Varieties
APA recognizes: Black ,White ,BBR, Silver & Golden Duckwing.
There are also many none standard colors, we have Lavender araucana in development ourselves.
Breed Size
Large Fowl

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User Reviews: Araucana

Ranked #39 in the category Chicken Breeds
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January 20, 2012 at 4:07 am
suzannaski
Reviewed by suzannaski
Pros: sweet nature, broody, turquoise eggs
Cons: high hatch mortality, longer time to start laying

They are sweet and fun. They don't lay eggs as often as production hens, but they are friendly and can tolerate New England winters. I have two roosters that never fight (I had a 3rd one who did fight, he's gone now) and the roosters are good husbands and fathers.

The turquoise eggs are worth the wait. The hens sometimes go broody, but not enough to be a problem.

January 12, 2012 at 10:51 am
Stacykins
Reviewed by Stacykins
Pros: Blue eggs, cold tolerant, great personalities, active foragers, curious and friendly, and very unique, to name a few!
Cons: Lethality of tufting gene, possible reduced fertility due to rumplessness, no hatcheries have true Araucanas, many EEs mistakenly called Araucanas

When I first started researching chickens, I was fascinated to learn that some breeds lay blue or green eggs. This led me to the breed known as the Araucana. While Easter Eggers are commonly called Araucanas, the true Araucana is a unique and amazing bird. I'd describe them as quirky. I am glad to have the real deal in my flock!

 

As chicks I found them much more outgoing than some of the other breeds I raised. You can tell who is tufted and rumpless from the first day. The eggs are more difficult to hatch than other breeds, due to the lethality of the tufted gene (25% of chicks die in shell if the parents were both tufted). And they seem to be more delicate in general. But the payoff when you get an incubator full of tufted chicks is well worth it! They are easily socialized and at least for me, are the first to come running when I step outside!

 

They do a great job at foraging, always actively searching out food if allowed to free range. They're lighter on the feed compared to other breeds. For example, my marans and australorp are pigs, while the large fowl Araucanas literally eat like birds. Yet they regular producers of nice sized eggs despite being more petite than other large fowl chickens.

 

You can only get them from other breeders, since no hatchery produces true Araucanas. A few sell live chicks, but most sell hatching eggs. So startup can be more difficult than the average breed, but is the challenge is also rewarding.

 

Note on the tufting gene: the tufting gene is dominant and potentially lethal, all live tufted birds are only heterozygous for the trait. Which means they only have one copy of the gene. It is 100% lethal for those who are homozygous, which is why approximately 25% of chicks die in shell if both parents were tufted. Tufted x Tufted results in approximately 25% cleanfaced birds (no tufting gene at all, cannot pass it on), 50% tufted, and 25% dead in shell. Tufted x Cleanfaced results in 50% tufted and 50% cleanfaced, so no lethal gene action.

 

Note on rumpless gene: also a dominant gene. This gene is not lethal, but it may reduce fertility since it can interfere with a proper cloacal kiss (which is required for successful insemination). But there is nothing more unique that a bootyless Araucana!

January 11, 2012 at 9:15 pm
Illia
Reviewed by Illia
Pros: cold and heat hardy, superb foragers, superb fliers, lay blue eggs, friendly, smart, tough, dual purpose, fast grower, great moms
Cons: Easter Egger confusion, frequently broody (to some that is a con)

As most I started with Easter Eggers, found out the truth, which honestly made me want true Araucanas even more, so, I ordered myself a big batch of chicks from one of the few people out there who actually offer purebred chicks to order.

 

Since then I've never given up or turned away from the breed, and now am one of those breeders and promoters of it. Araucanas, being a small to medium sized breed but very fleshy and well-filled out as well as being rumpless, are a GREAT dual purpose breed and excellent free rangers/foragers. Their lack of tail helps them escape predators much easier, they're super fliers, their colors available often allow them to blend in better, and they're smart, fast, and aware birds with good feed conversion as well as some pretty good growth rate. There really isn't much bad to say about them except for some people, most of them are seriously frequently broodies, but when they're not busy incubating something (even nothing) they're very, very dependable layers of beautiful blue eggs ranging from medium to large in size.

 

I've never met an aggressive or too shy Araucana, however males are a little wild at heart and don't get along with each other or other breed of roosters very well, and, warning - They're skilled fighters. But to people, they can be the greatest pets or just a hoot to watch. Definitely the ladies' man, and definitely love to talk, but are also very alert and protective.

 

With their big (or little) beautiful tufts, unique body shape, and beautiful duckwing, barred, mottled, columbian, splash, or other neat colors they come in, they're such a beauty to the eye, and surely are a very  useful breed. I breed mine for egg production, meat production, and eventually will show mine too. I'll always have some Araucanas around, as there's few breeds that do better than them in a free ranging or pastured environment.



Article: Araucana

Chicken Breed Info:

Breed Purpose: Dual Purpose
Comb: Pea
Broodiness: Average
Climate Tolerance: All Climates

General Egg Info:

Egg Productivity: Medium
Egg Size: Medium
Egg Color: Blue/Green

Breed Temperament:

Friendly, Flighty, Bears confinement well, Quiet

Breed Colors / Varieties:

APA recognizes: Black ,White ,BBR, Silver & Golden Duckwing. There are also many none standard colors, we have Lavender araucana in development ourselves.

Breed Details:

The APA requirements demand a tufted and rumpless bird as an example of the perfect Araucana. That does not mention other traits that must be accomplished as well, like plumage color, skin color, shank color, body type and eye color. Few breeders put focused efforts on breeding to the standard of perfection because of all of the challenges presented. However, this still remains a fun and exciting breed for backyard flock owners and breeders alike. For more info and pictures visit our site http://www.Hinkjcpoultry.com

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