Brooder heat question

I find my chicks are WAY too hot at 95.  I've found that mine prefer to be in the 85-90 range.  (I don't use a thermometer anymore, I just watch the chicks)  When you get the chicks, watch them.  If they are cold, they will peep very loudly and be huddled in a pile.  If they are too hot, they will be spread out far and can be panting.  You want somewhere in between where they are cruising around, sleeping close but not on top of each other.

They are tougher than you think with the cold.  I had day old chicks in this, with a heat lamp in it of course:

You'll know within the first few hours.  They may be a bit chilled when you get them, so it will take a bit for them to warm up.  Like I said, just watch their behavior and you'll know when they are too hot.

Dip their beaks in water and then lift them back up to let them swallow.  They will find the food on their own.

Tweety, the easiest way to adjust temp is to invest in a rheostat (lamp dimmer).  I made several for only a couple dollars apiece but you can buy a lamp dimmer for around $10 which will do the same thing.  Just plug the heat lamp into the rheostat, and adjust the temperature by turning the dial up or down.  It saves a lot of hassle moving the lamp up or down!

I just wanted to mention that I use 100 watt bulbs in my brooder- up to three of them at once in winter. So if 150 watts is too much you can use a 100 watt one but the light will be white (that's all I use anyway). I work my way down to 60 watts to wean them sometimes. Or just one 100 watt bulb.

I make a "carport" for them with a tiny cardboard box if the number of chicks in the brooder is small enough with a cut out small cardboard box, so they don't have to stare at the bright light when they want to sleep. When I brood larger numbers though, I put them in the shed coop so quickly that it isn't an issue. They are outside by 3 weeks old running in and out of the shed on grass range (that is my status now...three weeks old and in/out of the shed with 3- 100 watt bulbs).
 

The thermometer is fine for "pre testing" and discovering what your heating capabilities are.  But the best way is to simply observe the chicks.  If they huddle and peep loudly?  They are cold.  If they stand apart, and hold their wings out, they are cooking dangerously.

I normally provide a "hot spot" where the chicks can warm themselves and sleep, if they wish.  But it is essential to provide a large area that is significantly cooler for them to go and self regulate.  

i used to use a drop light with a 60 watt bulb in it to keep the chicks warm.t seemed like 100 watts was to hot.

I had the same issue -- couldn't get the warm zone "perfect" with a thermometer.  It didn't help that the ambient temperature was swinging by 40 degrees over 24 hours (outdoor brooder, typical spring weather).  But, the brooder was big enough relative to the heat spot created by the light that the chicks could escape the heat as needed.  They self-regulated by sleeping at the edges of the light vs. the center or even away from the light on warmer days.  I'm just not convinced that a brooder needs the temperature to be so exact since it just plain isn't when you brood outdoors and that is what farmers have done forever.  If you think about it, a hen doesn't change her body temperature -- the chicks adjust by gradually spending less time in contact with her.  So, I ditched the thermometer and paid attention to the chicks instead.  Their behavior answered the question for me.

Now, I will say that brooding in a small space, brooding in a container that holds the heat (the popular Rubbermaid storage tote, for example), and brooding in warm ambient temperatures does put the chicks at risk of overheating.  In those cases, you do need to pay a whole lot more attention to detail.  Having cool air available to them is just as important as having heat available.