They need water but not food thru the night. If something were to happen & you weren't able to let them out in the morning they would definitely need the water but could survive a day without food if there was an emergency that kept you from getting someone there to let them out in your place.
I was having similar issues with my food bowls once my birds went out in the run & here is what I did to solve it (mostly). I bought 1 of those big round horse feeder bowls (I have a lot more chickens than you) and just dump the food into it. It's heavy rubber so they can no longer tip it over & has a higher lip (about 3-4 inches deep) so they don't kick much into it. It's over a foot across, so plenty of space around for several birds to eat at once. The only (minor) problem I still have is that they can now stand in the food easier & track a bit of sand or poo in occasionally. I solve this by only putting in close to what they can eat in 24 hrs at a time. If they leave a good bit 1 day I simply add less food the next day so it is down to crumbs & sand by the next feeding so I can flip the bowl & start over fresh. They will scratch for any remaining crumbs that are big enuf for them & the bowl stays much fresher.
For the water, I quit using waterers except for my smallest birds & started using buckets or bowls that they can easily reach into to drink but not low enuf for them to kick dirt into. My biggest birds have 1 gallon buckets. For the smaller birds I just moved to this pen I set a brick on each side of the bucket to give them a "step stool" so they could reach easier. For my smaller birds I have a 1 gallon bucket with the step & a 1 gallon waterer sitting on a thin piece of wood to raise it a bit & keep most of the dirt out of kicking range around it. My babies in the brooder of course all still use the baby waterer & I have to clean it several times a day.
They get easier as they get bigger...LOL