Sounds to me like both your head and your daughter's are screwed on quite straight.
I am so glad you did not challenge her about how she spoke to her "father." I'm not sure I would even have challenged a raised voice or some disrespect. She is plenty old enough to have a right to let him know exactly how she feels. To me, your role is to ensure her safety in such exchanges, and that she understands the dynamics of their conversations.
My story is much less dramatic, but has some of these same elements. My 33 year old son is very well aware of what kind of person his father really is, and he has been aware since he was about 12, if not earlier. I was fortunate in not feeling forced to point any part of that out to him while he was growing up. (Some louses pay child support, albeit $100 a month, and visit monthly, and are not abusive, just deceitful.)
Most dogs are pretty good at identifying the good guys and the louses. Fortunately, kids are even better at it, if they are raised in a healthy environment, which your daughter obviously was.