I believe sand fleas are also a carrier. I think I have a lengthy doccument on that somewhere as well. I'll see if I can find it. Some interesting reading there as well.
Role of the Domestic Chicken (Gallus gallus) in the Epidemiology of Urban Visceral Leishmaniasis in Brazil
Bruce Alexander,* Renata Lopes de Carvalho, Hamish McCallum, and Marcos Horácio Pereira§
*Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Pontifícia Universidade Católica de...