How to Break a Broody Hen

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11 Years
Mar 12, 2008
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It seems I've been answering this question a lot lately, so I thought I'd write it all up to better show up in a search on the subject. Please feel free to add your wisdom to the topic.

A hen "goes broody" when she wants to set continuously on a clutch of eggs for 21 days and have chicks hatch out. Some hens will never go broody, some will go occasionally, some go very frequently, even weeks after leaving their last batch of chicks. It's difficult to "make" a hen go broody, this mood is determined by her own instincts, hormones, voices in her head, instructions beamed down from her Mother Ship.

The best way to tell a hen has gone broody is when she wants to stay in her nest spot at night instead of going up to the roost to sleep. She'll puff her feathers out, flatten her body over the eggs, growl or shriek if disturbed, and often peck or bite any hand that dares come close. She may be setting on real eggs, fake eggs, golf balls, or imaginary eggs, it doesn't matter, they're important to her.

Of course you can allow her to incubate the eggs she's collected, or swap them for other fertile eggs from your own flock or someone else's. How to do that would be the topic of a different thread. This is about what to do if you want to break your Broody's mood and get her back to the work of laying eggs.

I don't think it breaks a hen's heart to break her broody mood. You have to give her points for being determined, but really, her mood can be adjusted without doing mental or emotional damage to her. Some hens are easier to refocus than others.

With some hens, all they need is a few times of being physically removed from the nest and carried out to the yard where their flockmates are ranging. A little bribe of cracked corn will help them see the benefits of not brooding.

Other hens may need a different treatment. The best way I know to break a determined broody hen is to confine her to a wire-bottomed cage, like a rabbit or parrot cage, and place that cage up on sawhorses, blocks, or hang it from the rafters, so that air can flow up underneath. Provide food and water, but NO bedding. Keep her in there for 3-4 days, unless she lays an egg earlier.

Let her out one morning and watch what she does. If she hurries back to the nest spot, she'll need a few more days in the Broody Buster. But if she goes back to hang out with her flockmates, her mood has changed.
Repeat whenever necessary. broody?
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not broody!
 
I've had some hens that have only gone broody once or maybe twice in their lives. And others that go broody with the phases of the moon. I finally found a great wire parrot cage someone was discarding, about 2' square on a heavy wire stand about 3' high. That's my Broody Buster, and it sits in a corner of the pen under a cover, ready to receive company. I have lots of bantam hens so it can do a brisk business.
 
I had good luck with a wire dog crate up on some pieces of 4 X 4 posts laid on their sides. My RIR broody gave up after only 2 days in this contraption, which I kept in my workshop with the lights on.

She had been broody for at least 3 or 4 weeks with me pulling her out of the nest box 2 or 3 times a day before I got desperate enough to allow her to stink up my workshop for a couple of days. She went back with the others and has stayed out of the nest box (so far).
 
what i just learned from my broody this last few weeks ..they will go to the nest at any cost to them ..once they are caged let them stay caged..it may take as long as 2 weeks to break them ..the longer they are left to be broody the longer it will take to break them ..i no most laying hens like privacy when laying and they may want the same in the broody cage ..no nesting or bedding in the broody cage .you want cool air going up under their breast to cool them and change the hormones ..keep food and water avalible in the cage..grit and oyster shells ...i have 11 columbian wyandottes and it can be hard to tell which birds are brooding and whos laying, so i sprayed a little blu kote on their feet to tell who's laying and who's broody...it can be very tempting to let them out , so if you do stay and make sure they are not getting back up after you leave the coop..if they try and get up in the nest , put back in the cage ..mine tried and after anmother day in the cage she looked a couple times but did not get in the nest ..the combs got a light shade of pink instead of the deep red they are when laying ..i now have a better idea of whats going on when they are broody ..hope this little bit helps some one ..i learned most of this by watching the birds and of course from the great folks here at byc..i couldnt have gotten threw a lot of diffrent problums i have run into since i started keeping chickens ....
 
A hen won't lay eggs while she's feeling broody, so if she lays an egg in the Broody Buster cage that's a good sign that she is "back to her regularly scheduled programming." They don't eat/drink as much while they're broody, so your hen might not be doing that a lot until her broody spell is broken. Just keep an eye on her condition to be sure she doesn't seem dehydrated or malnourished. Broodies don't move around much but they should have an alertness to their manner, not lethargic & apathetic. Give her 2-4 days in the cage -- it's best when it's a wire-bottomed one with no bedding so that there is a nice air flow up underneath them. After that let her out and watch her behavior. If she runs back to a nest box then she needs more days in the Buster. If she goes off on other birdy business she may be broken.
 
Letting them "wait it out" is animal cruelty in MY opinion. They have hormones that are telling them to hatch eggs. They have nothing to hatch. Those hormones don't just run 21 days (normal incubation period) then dissipate. The "I'm incubating" hormones change to "I'm raising babies" as soon as the chicks start to hatch or they wake up in the morning after you shove some day old (or a bit older) chicks under them when the hen is ASLEEP AT Zero dark thirty. Pitch black, not a bit after twilight. Don't try this mid day and use the dimmest flashlight you have with just enough light near the hen to tell front from back, slip the chicks in one at a time FROM THE REAR under the hen's wings. When I did that 2 years ago my broody hen "hatched" 7 chicks overnight from 3 plastic eggs. No longer had any interest in the nest box and raised them for 8 weeks. They do not think about this stuff real hard :hmm

A hen incubating eggs WILL get off the nest to eat and drink. I have never observed a broody sitting on plastic eggs or only shavings get off the nest. The first thing mine do when I put them in the broody buster (elevated with 1/2" hardware cloth bottom) with food and water is go straight to eating and drinking. If I just take them off the nest they run right back, if excluded from the nesting boxes, they go nuts trying to get back in.

With regard to the cold water bath, I say Bah! I had a broody hen thaw not one but two refreezable ice packs in succession. She was still a furnace underneath. They just put out more heat to keep their breast area warm enough to incubate. As long as they can trap that heat against something (the nesting material) they will not cool down. So where is this heat coming from? All that food they are not eating. So where is it really coming from? Their body stores which they are NOT replenishing.

As such, letting them stay broody with no fertile eggs to hatch does them not good, only harm, as they don't eat and drink properly. They might be fussy in the buster but they eat, drink and not being able to stay hot underneath causes the hormones to subside. In warmer weather this can take many days, in cooler weather I've had them break in a couple of days especially if I caught them early in their broodiness - meaning the first day.

The longer they have been broody on the nest the longer it takes to break them. Start now, leave her buster box with the other hens. I've not seen a change in "social status" when a broody hen is being broken or when she returns to the flock on her own 2 feet.
 
If she is broody she isn't laying so no need to worry about that.

I don't know about your chickens but mine lay any time of the day. And those that lay really well (like 8 or more days before a day off) lay a bit later every day until their "off" day. No way I could block off the boxes to keep a broody out.
 

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