Is it still okay to eat the eggs if you put them right in the fridge before they have time to develop?
Yes, yes, yes. All of my eggs are fertile, and we eat them and give them away and never had a complaint. Incubation occurs at close to 100f, a fridge is 40f.
In the wild birds lay eggs for days or weeks before slbeggining to sit on them. That is so they all will hatch at the same time, because they don't start growing until they sit on them.