Amino acid requirements and profiles

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This is intended to be a collection of research about the nutritional requirements of chickens and of nutritional profiles of things chickens might eat.

 

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https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579121000705?via=ihub

Poultry Science Volume 100, Issue 5 May 2021

"Amino acid requirements for laying hens: a comprehensive review"​

Shemil P.Macellin, MehdiToghyani, Peter V.Chrystal, Peter H.Selle, Sonia YunLiu

From the Abstract
"The main aim of this review is to consolidate the relevant published data examining amino acid requirements of layer hens and to reach a new set of recommendation based on these data. There are inconsistences in lysine, sulphur-containing amino acids, threonine, tryptophan, branched-chain amino acids, and arginine recommendations in data that have surfaced since 1994. This review finds that breed, age, basal diet composition, and assessment method have contributed toward inconsistencies in amino acid recommendations....
Increasing inclusions of nonbound amino acids into layer diets modifies protein digestive dynamics, and it may influence amino acid requirements in layer hens. This review considers present amino acid recommendations for layer hens and proposes refinements..."

From the intro
"Amino acids and energy density are 2 critical components in the least-cost feed formulations for layers; however, amino acid requirements, will vary depending on breed, age, feeding strategies, housing conditions, and the accuracy with which requirements have been assessed. Moreover, genetic improvements and enhanced performance of laying hens have modified the optimum inputs of amino acid and energy, which are interdependent. The increasing availability of nonbound (synthetic or crystalline) amino acids demands a better appreciation of amino acid levels in layer diets simply because their digestive dynamics differ from protein-bound amino acids (Liu and Selle, 2017)....This review consolidates the relevant data in a comprehensive manner. The purpose of this review is to identify the shortfalls and to recommend directions that research should be taken in the future..."

 

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Grasshoppers

 

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Crickets, mealworms, superworms, and waxworms

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/zoo.21246

https://doi.org/10.1002/zoo.21246

Complete nutrient content of four species of commercially available feeder insects fed enhanced diets during growth​

Mark D. Finke
Zoo Biology
Volume 34, Issue 6 p. 554-564

 

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Black soldier fly
mealworm
housefly
cricket/Grasshopper/Locust (Orthoptera),
silkworm
earthworm

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8831830/

Anim Biosci. 2022 Feb; 35(2): 332–346.​

Insect meal as a feed ingredient for poultry​

Usman Elahi, Chang-chun Xu, [...], and Guang-hai Qi

 

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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8068098/

Insects. 2021 Apr; 12(4): 333
The Influence of Drying Methods on the Chemical Composition and Body Color of Yellow Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor L.)
Letlhogonolo Selaledi and Monnye Mabelebele

Covers meal worms most thoroughly but also
"The amino acid profile of mealworms in this study agrees with previously published results [28]. ... Methionine was found to be the lowest amino acid in all dried mealworm samples; it is evident that insects are low in methionine [56]. Therefore, a commercial synthetic methionine should be added to poultry feed if mealworms will be used as a protein supplement."

Bolding is mine.