Mandarin Duck Eggs: Artificial Versus Natural Incubation

Scott

Ozark Bantams
12 Years
Apr 11, 2007
1,296
7
191
Southeast Missouri
I've recently been incubating some mandarin ducks eggs and thought I'd share my experience with others. I had originally told myself that I would leave mandarin egg incubation up to my hens, however I really wanted to give myself a chance at artificial incubation this season. As luck and bad planning would have it, my mandarin hens did not lay this breeding season (though I've not given up hope that they still might). At any rate, I had to acquire mandarin eggs from an outside source this season.

On May 3rd, I sat 11 white mandarin duck eggs in my Lyon Roll-X (RX2) incubator. My incubation conditions were the same as for when I hatch call duck eggs... temp: 99.5, humidity: 55%. The eggs are being turned on their sides each hour by the auto-turner. Within a few days, it was obvious that 5 of the eggs were not developing whereas 6 of them were. So, that's a 55% fertility rate. According to another person who got mandarin eggs from the same source, he was getting about a 48% fertility rate on eggs from this particular group of mandarins. I am told that this is a pretty good fertility rate for shipped mandarin eggs, but I don't know. I know its not so great in comparison to natural incubation. Last week, I moved the developing 6 eggs to my Brinsea Mini Advance, so that I can have one incubator dedicated to the mandarin eggs and also because it tends to hold a bit more constant temperature and humidity. At any rate, as of today (which is over two weeks after the eggs were set), all 6 eggs are continuing to develop. Needless to say, I am hoping for a 100% hatch rate from these six mandarin eggs. Time will tell. I plan to get lots of photos during the hatch and of the young ducklings as there aren't many photos of white mandarin ducklings on the internet. I'd like to share those on my web site and this forum. Plus, I'd like to raise them by hand (along with some call ducklings) so that they are as tame as possible.

I've also ordered 13 additional mandarin eggs from this particular source (9 regular and 4 white). They should arrive tomorrow. I am considering giving those 13 eggs to a couple of my broody cochin hens for them to incubate for the first week, then transfer those to one of my incubators to continue incubating them artificially. According to some experienced fowl breeders, this will improve hatch rates. I am curious to find out if I can get a better hatch rate than 55% using this method. I suspect (and hope) that I will.

As some of you may recall, I had a similar thread on incubating call duck eggs. There was some really good discussion going on there, and I know I learned a lot from others and hope others learned a bit from me. So once again, I thought some of you might be interested in learning along with me for these two particular mandarin duck egg hatches.
 
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Your temp is dead on for what you are using. Also they arent going to suffocate with a forced air incubator. You shouldnt have to pamper much also. Heres some things it may be.Everybody lives in different areas with different humidity. I dont know what state you in. Put it in your avatar. I say this all the time. People besides me will try and help you even better if they live in your region. Are they in a shed outside or in yoiur home? How long did they sit under the hen before you put them into the bator? Wild type ducks do do better if the hen sets on them for at least ten to fourteen days.That we all agree on. Some die in the shell like that due to all kinds of other reasons. But like Boggy said on this thread. They die alot in the last week in the shell because of dirty conditions. Just because you failed one time with one pair doesnt mean its always like that. Even with the same pair next time may be great. But also if you aint worried about making a ton of babies just let the parents do the job next year. at the very least you will get an idea on the pairs fertility or if this samething happens under the hen. Dont give up just cause you didnt get chicks the first time .It might be just one little thing keeping you from success. Also try your incubator with domestic duck eggs or chicken eggs if you have them or can get some. If you can incubate either of these with your set up exactly the way it is now that you told us, then your mandarins should definitely hatch as well. Keep the faith. Rome wasnt built in a day.
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Here is a great Site I found on incubation times and temps and Humidity levels on various birds....
[FONT=Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]How Long does it take?[/FONT]​
[FONT=Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]Additions to this list will be greatly appreciated, and we'll be happy to give you credit!!
Remember...
[/FONT][FONT=Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif]. These #'s are not cast in stone. Depending on your incubator settings, skill level, and the eggs' genetic make-up, length of incubation will differ. A couple degrees off could mean a big change in length of incubation and possibly a big failure!!! If you are using a good broody hen the numbers should be right on![/FONT]​
[FONT=Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]Thanks to: [/FONT][FONT=Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif]Gay Eckes for info on parakeets![/FONT]
[FONT=Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]*** [/FONT][FONT=Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif]Temperature is to be 99.5 forced-air, or 101.5 in still air measured at the top of the eggs.[/FONT][FONT=Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]***
***
[/FONT][FONT=Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif] Humidity is a constant 65% unless otherwise noted. Raise to 85% for last 3 days of incubation.[/FONT][FONT=Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]***[/FONT]​
[FONT='Times New Roman', Times, serif][COLOR=#330099]This page was last updated on: January 15, 2010[/COLOR][/FONT]
[CENTER][FONT=Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif][COLOR=#330099]This site was constructed by me, Scott Shilala, with help from the poultry hobbyist community, and support from my wonderful wife, Kelly Jo.[/COLOR][/FONT][/CENTER]
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[FONT=Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif]The Easy Chicken
for beginners
[/FONT]
[FONT=Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif]Species Incubation Temp (F.) Relative Humidity Stop
Period Forced Air Humidity Last 3 Days Turning Eggs

Poultry
Large Fowl 21 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 19th day
Bantams 21 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 19th day
Games 21 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 19th day

Partridges
Barbary 23 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 21st day
Chuckar 23 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 21st day
Hungarian 23 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 21st day

Peafowl
Congo 26 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 22nd day
Green 28 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 26th day
Guineas 28 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 26th day
India Blue 27-29 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 25th day

Pheasants
Bar-Tailed 27-28 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 25th day
Blood 27-29 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 25th day
Blue Eared 26-28 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 24th day
Brown Eared 26-27 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 24th day
Buff Ringneck 24-25 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 22nd day
Cheer 26 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 24th day
Copper 25 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 23rd day
Edwards 22 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 20th day
Elliot's 25 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 23rd day
Fireback 23-24 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 21st day
Golden (Red) 22 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 20th day
Imperial 25 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 23rd day
Kalij 24-25 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 22nd day
Koklass 26-27 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 24th day
Lady Amherst 22 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 20th day
Melanistic 24-25 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 22nd day
Mikado 27 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 25th day
Reeve's 25 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 23rd day
Ringneck 24-25 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 22nd day
Salvdori's 25 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 23rd day
Silver 25-26 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 23rd day
Swinehoe 25 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 23rd day
Wattled 24-26 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 22nd day
White Eared 24-25 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 22nd day
White Mutant 24-25 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 22nd day
Yellow Golden 22 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 20th day

Quail
Benson 22 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 20th day
Blue Scaled 23 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 21st day
Bobwhite 22-23 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 20th day
Button 16 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 14th day
Cal Valley 22-23 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 20th day
Coturnix 16-18 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 14th day
Gambels 22 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 20th day
Mearns 24-25 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 23rd day
Mountain 24-25 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 23rd day

Turkeys
Black Spanish 28 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 26th day
Bourbon Red 28 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 26th day
BB Bronze 28 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 26th day
Giant White 28 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 26th day
Royal Palm 28 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 26th day
Wild 28 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 26th day

Tragopans
Blyth's 28-30 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 26th day
Cabot's 28 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 26th day
Satyr 28 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 26th day
Temminck's 28 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 26th day
Western 28 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 26th day

Waterfowl
Ducks 28 days 99.5 70-75% 90-95% 26th day
Muscovy 35-37 days 99.5 70-75% 90-95% 34th day
Geese 28-30 days 99.5 70-75% 90-95% 27th day
Swans 30-37 days 99.5 70-75% 90-95% 29th day

Junglefowl
Ceylon 20-21 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 18th day
Green 21 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 19th day
Grey 20-21 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 18th day
Red 19-21 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 17th day

Other Birds
Monal 28 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 26th day
Crane 30 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 28th day
Crested Argus 24-25 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 23nd day
Great Argus 24-25 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 23nd day
Grouse/Prairie 25 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 23nd day
Himalayan 28 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 26th day
Pigeons 17 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 13th day
[/FONT]

[FONT=Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif]Ratites
Rea 35-40 days 97.5 30-35% 50-55% 34th day
Ostrich 42 days 97.5 30-35% 50-55% 40th day
Emu 50-56 days 97.5 30-35% 50-55% 49th day
[/FONT]

[FONT=Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif]House Birds
Canary 14 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 12th day
Dove 14 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 12th day
Finch 14 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 12th day
Mynah Birds 14 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 12th day
Parakeets 18 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 16th day
Parrots 28 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 26th day
Amazon 28 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 26th day
Macaw 28 days 99.5 60-65% 80-85% 26th day
[/FONT]​
Cockatoo 28-29 days 99.5 60-65%
 
Well, I guess I spoke too soon! I went down to the chicken house and duck pens after work this afternoon and what do I find but my first mandarin egg of the season! And here I was about to give up on my mandarin hens. For those not familiar with mandarins, this is late in the season for them to begin laying. Throughout the winter, they had shared a pen with my call ducks, and that pen didn't have proper nest boxes for mandarins. It was until April that I finished building their own pen. Between sharing a communal pen with my rowdy call ducks and then getting used to their new pen, I was beginning to this my mandarins wouldn't lay this season. But alas, it seems mine are just now starting....

1441_mandarin11.jpg
 
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Nice! I"ll be watching this thread so I can learn as much as possible!
Thanks! and be sure to post pics of everything too- as much as you can anyways!
Lisa
 
Great...thanks.
PS- I asked a question in my new thread about our baby pool and baby ducklings...do you think you can look at it and see if you know what I should do since no one has answered it yet? Thanks:)
 

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