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You look at secondary sex traits. They show themselves well by 8 - 10 weeks. An eye trained with specific breeds can tell almost from the start what the sex it. Then there is also the sex link chickens that are bred and hatch a specific color according to their sex.
To my understanding the best chick sexers in the world are older japanese men/women. Most hatcheries hire them to do the sexing. The technique was invented in Japan and they are the experts. It is my understanding it takes a decade or longer to apprentice in the proper way.