Thanks a bunch for the info, Carol. A couple of questions if you don't mind me picking your brain a bit: have you done anything to insulate the bucket or does the heater work on it's own? I suppose a birdbath isn't insulated...
Also, you mentioned you lay the heater on the nipples, but I presume you mean inside the bucket? Do you just make sure the heater is in contact with the internal housings of the nipples?
Montana does indeed get pretty cold. I think whatever works for you will work for me. Have you ever had a problem with freezing using your set up? Also, just for reference, how many hens do you have? Just curious about water consumption rates and how often they are hitting the nipples.
Oh! I'm just full of questions. Lastly, do you keep your water inside the coop or outside? Is your coop insulated?
Thank you so much!! I'm new at this :/