Someone asked this question on Yahoo... here was the "winning" answer...
The best aperature for your buck is a dobsonian (open truss 8" for around $600). You can get a quality scope from Meade or Celestron.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dobsonian - for pics and a desript'n
Choose a good quality scope with at least 70mm (2.8in) of aperature to reveal some surface features on Mars. Realistically, you'll want 4-6 inches of aperture.The cheapest models (cost, not potential quality) are dobsonians (as above) and newtonians.
If you can afford it, step up to an 8" schmidt-cassegrain (about $1400 - $2500 US, depending on options). These are slick machines!
Beware of the department store small junk refractor scope! These are typically sold with "600 x" magnification all over the package. A small scope (less than 4") has a highest usable magnification of 120x to 200x under good atmospheric conditions.
Here's some quality manufacturer's websites:
http://www.meade.com/
http://www.celestron.com/c2/index.php
http://takahashiamerica.com/catalog/
If you're looking for books on the subject, I would recommend
"The Backyard Astronomer's Guide" by Terence Dickinson and Alan Dyer. It gets into telescopes, observing, how and what to buy (telescopes, eyepieces, photography etc) rather than just fancy Hubble pictures.
Good luck
and here's another person's thoughts...
Best telescope is impossible.
If you want large aperture and price you should look at dobsonians.
Reflectors are the best in terms of price and quality but refractors are better but cost a lot more for equivalent apertures.
For mars and the like, a good 4.5"-6" telescope could see and resolve mostly anything in the Messier catalog including most planets.
For mars, buy a set of color filters. You should get red to enhance the Mares and yellor or green to see dust storms and polar ice caps.
You must buy Edmund Scientific's Astronomy books.
That seems insanely priced to me, but it does have some helpful info...