Is there any blood? Looks to me like you caught it in time. Do you have a rooster who might be pulling her headfeathers too hard when mating?
If you know or can spot the bully and this isn't a mating issue, I'd separate the aggressor (use look but no touch, i.e. a cage or crate within the normal run) and assess if the victim is now safe within the flock. Make sure it isn't a group activity. If you have multiple bullies, I'd try look but no touch with your victim crated instead and see if things settle down over the course of a week-ish.
Is this hen a new one? Or have you recently had an addition or removal from your flock?