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It’s a complex equation. Thanks for all the info!Both.
Imagine making "Jello" or cheating a merangue with more gelatin (better nutrition). You get a firmer product. But as time passes, it begins to degrade. Same thing going on here, though more processes, and more complicated processes. Temperature has a component. Porosity of the eggshell has a component. Surface area of the egg relative to volume. Humidity. Others. But those are the biggies - how healthy was the laying hen's diet, under what temps is the egg kept, how rapidly is moisture lost thru the shell into the surrounding environment.
Speaking of porosity, store-bought eggs have noticeably more porous shells, with white eggs being the most porous. I see this every year around Easter. I dye a lot of eggs, and I find it hard to get a nice uniform color with store-bought eggs. They suck in too much dye through their pores and leave a pattern of pale dots on the shell. White eggs are the worst, they look like a whole mosaic pattern! While my backyard eggs get a nice even color. This is probably nutrition-related too, right? Maybe calcium levels? This was especially noticeable about 15 years ago. We jokingly called them “recession eggs”

Here’s a picture from way back then, of some recession eggs. The blue and green ones were supposed to be solid color. The pattern was entirely created by the porous shell. White eggs. The red one was a brown egg, it looks okay (had minor patterning on the underside).
I wonder why white eggs are worse? Breed variation? Can’t be nutrition, because I’ve tried different brands/farms over the years, including brown and white eggs from the same brand/farm, and the white eggs are always more porous.