I'll also ask why you want to spray with a bleach solution. What are you trying to accomplish, there may be a better way?
If chickens drink a bleach solution it can kill them or injure them. A lot of that depends on how strong the solution is. One way to sterilize water to make it safe to drink is to add some bleach to it, but that is a weak bleach solution. Dosage is very important. Also, over time, the bleach will evaporate, especially if you aerate it. When I wash out my water containers to kill the algae turning them green I use a fairly strong bleach solution so it will do its job. But I'm careful to do that where the chickens cannot get to it to drink it and I rinse the containers out really well before I refill them.
How much damage a bleach solution might do to your grass and other vegetation or anything (microbes to larger insects) that live in your yard will depend on how strong that solution is.
If you are trying to eliminate a specific parasite or disease, let us know which one. There is probably a better way. Spraying a bleach solution is probably not going to help anyway. If a parasite or disease is in your yard it's almost certainly in the surrounding area you won't spray. Even if you kill it in your yard it will work its way back in.
If you are doing it just as a general precaution, it's probably not going to help for long. My philosophy to raising healthy chickens is to expose them to their environment as early as possible so they can build up strong immune systems. I believe that trying to keep them in a sterile environment hurts their overall health in the long term. But since I don't know why you want to do this I can't make any specific recommendations or suggest a better way to go.