Oddly, I've never had trouble candling in the least. Dirty eggs, thick-shelled eggs, dark eggs... All they require is a dark room and an LED flashlight. The candling page at Mink Hollow is not useless; it has helped me a lot and has many pictures as compared to any other site with candling pictures. It doesn't show all through the incubation process and yes, there are some faults, but it is the best candling resource I know of.
Candling is something you will learn to perfect in time. Soon you'll be able to spot a dead embryo from a mile away. When an embryo dies in one of my eggs, I notice immediately, and by the end of that day am able to perform an "eggtopsy" and break open the egg. I have never once been wrong in deciding that an embryo is dead.
A floating shadow that sways with the egg sounds suspicious to my ears, but then again, it's so difficult to know if I'm not holding the egg myself. If the eggs are within a week of age (preferably younger), a floating blob can be the shadow of a germinal disc. It can also be a network of veins that, as it is so new, moves with the egg. You need a better flashlight. And only candle at night! In a way, it's so much easier with artificial incubation.
As a rule of thumb, never toss an egg unless you are sure. If you don't know candling inside out, then don't throw anything out unless it smells bad or begins to weep. Now those are pretty clear warning signs. Generally the goose knows best wait a good week after the expected hatch date and then, if nothing, it's safe to throw eggs away.
Good luck, and hope that you have goslings in those eggs.