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There are many types of waterers, all with advantages and disadvantages. Some work great for some people, and terribly for others--it varies depending on your situation and birds. I personally started out using a waterer a lot like the one Mountain Peeps suggested. It worked pretty well, but I began to have problems with it leaking, and it was constantly getting dirty.
So, I did some research on other waterers and came accross the nipple waterer. I purchased a few nipples, attached them to a large pitcher, and hung it in my chickens' run. They quickly started experimenting with it by pecking at the nipples, and learned that they could get water from it. Those particular chickens have been using a nipple waterer for two years without any problems. The water stays clean and I've never had problems with it leaking. However, I will say that the chickens don't seem to like the nipple waterer as much as a regular waterer, and gladly drink other sources (rain puddles, dishes of water, etc.). I have not had any cases of dehydration with them, though, and all of them continue to be good egg layers.
For another group of my chickens, I decided to use a different type of watering system: an automatic, cup-based waterer. In the coop are two large containers with lids that feed water into plastic tubing, which leads down to automatic water cups at chicken-level. To get water, the birds simply press yellow plungers in the water cups, which fills the cup with a small amount of waterer. I've been quite pleased with that particular automatic watering system, though occasionally, it does leak for no apparent reason.
Both waterers are relatively easy to keep unfrozen in cold weather. I have a small submersible heater in the nipple waterer that keeps the water thawed until temperatures get below 5 degrees F. or so. When that happens, I just bring the birds out water several times a day. My automatic cup-based watering system is kept unfrozen since it is in a mildly heated coop. I think a submersible heater would work fine in it too, though.