A broody hen wants to sit quietly in a trance and for the most part, doesn't experience stress during the cooling period.
We used to keep 100 leghorns in a large henhouse with a high roof. We always had about 3 homemade cages hanging from the cieling of the henhouse. It seemed like there were always a couple hens, give or take, serving jail time. They never seemed stressed and none that I have had elevated in the years since ever exhibited much stress till they were cured and started pacing.
You are fortunate that removing eggs has worked for you. I've never experienced that. They usually just continue to sit patiently awaiting one of their flockmates to give them more eggs.
Perhaps she wasn't that dedicated to the process in the first place.