As long as the the fence is a good ways away from the pond I think it would be alright. I would be worried about the fence falling in the water and the goat possibly getting electrocuted though
I would try to keep the fences away from the water just because it's a hazard to the fence. If the fence gets in the water, it will just ground out, and with a dead fence your goats can come and go as they please. It's not like dropping a radio or some other appliance in the bathtub. We had a bit of a flash flood a few months ago and everything was under water, including most of our electic fences which were on a very, very hot 100-mile plug-in Zareba charger, and no one got electrocuted.
Most of the experience I had with goats (got rid of them) is they would get zapped then go right through it. I hear there is some intensive training involved. Good luck.
Our goats used to go right through the electric fence that went down the middle of our pasture to separate our horse from the goats. Those oak leaves were just too tempting I guess. We bought a more powerful charger, and that fixed that problem real fast!
You can buy portable/temporary and semi-permanent electric fence netting that they can't crawl through, but I think it is a bit pricey. We have a permanent high tensile hot fence on our back perimeter to keep the coyotes out and our charger is knock-you-on-you-rear hot, so our goats only tangle with it once and that's enough. The wire spacing is close enough that they will hit it with their nose or face, so running through it doesn't look like a good option and they go the other way.