The only other possibility ( that I can think of) is the effect of heterozygous E locus alleles. Barring works great on extended black alleles. But you start having problems with barring when you have the expression on other E locus alleles. The tails and wings are the first areas to show the heterozygous effect. This has been my anecdotal experience.
The extended black allele is a constitutive intramembrane protein ( MCR-1 receptor) that signals all the time- it does not need melanocortin to bind to it in order to signal the production of eumelanin (black pigment). Other allleles (wheaten, wild type) must have a binding agent to generate a signal to produce eumelanin. This need to have a binding agent may be the reason for the slower production of eumelanin and the smeared barring. If you have an allele that is ready to fire the moment the barring gene stops interrupting the signal you get a crisp line between barring and black. Just my two cents.
Here is a reference: Warning lots of biochemistry
Eur J Biochem. 2003 Apr;270(7):1441-9.
Association of feather colour with constitutively active melanocortin 1 receptors in chicken.
Ling MK, Lagerström MC, Fredriksson R, Okimoto R, Mundy NI, Takeuchi S, Schiöth HB.
Tim