I'm a free-ranger, with an electric fence protecting a few acres (4.5?) from ground-based predation, and two dogs too lazy to go outside, much less protect the flock. Plus three uncaring goats.
By three weeks, my hatchlings are already outside in a sheltered area to see and be seen by the main flock. Assuming no integration problems (sometimes, there are individual and singular issues where a particular bird is rejected), the hatchlings are fully integrated in the main flock by seven weeks on average.
The main flock free ranges w/o supervision about 12 hours daily. The littlest integrated birds have a secure house where they can roost/nest, but I usually leave the door open. Its inside a fenced run. The eldest integrated birds sleep in an open sided shelter, also in a fenced run, with the goats.
I do take losses, so far one ever 6 months or so, but its a short timeframe for me from which to derive averages - at this point its anecdote, not data. Ask me again in a decade.
By three weeks, my hatchlings are already outside in a sheltered area to see and be seen by the main flock. Assuming no integration problems (sometimes, there are individual and singular issues where a particular bird is rejected), the hatchlings are fully integrated in the main flock by seven weeks on average.
The main flock free ranges w/o supervision about 12 hours daily. The littlest integrated birds have a secure house where they can roost/nest, but I usually leave the door open. Its inside a fenced run. The eldest integrated birds sleep in an open sided shelter, also in a fenced run, with the goats.
I do take losses, so far one ever 6 months or so, but its a short timeframe for me from which to derive averages - at this point its anecdote, not data. Ask me again in a decade.