Was your experience with an adult dog? Had it ever been around poultry or other livestock before?
Our Heeler/Border Collie mix, Kota, gets along great with our chickens. HOWEVER, she has been around them since she was a pup, and was taught that they are her friends (not food!).
I think if you have a dog that has never been around chickens, and chickens that have never been around a dog - when they get thrown together, everyone is just going to freak out and let their instincts take over. Like Stacykins said. Dogs are naturally predators, and chickens are naturally prey.
When we get new birds, we still we make it a point to be sure they have quite a bit of supervised interaction with Kota before we'll let them wander where she can get to them. When she does try to chase or herd them, it's actually just comical. Because the chickens know her and are really not that afraid of her either..
I really can't think of any sturdy, middle-sized, fun, attention-loving breeds that would be less likely to have an issue(?). Kota has really been the perfect dog for us, and we had pretty similar criteria... it just took a little work.
If I could offer one suggestion though:
1. Dog-proof your chicken enclosure. Even if your dog isn't a problem, neighbors' dogs and other predators could be.