I can do better than that! At the start of the year I wanted to do just what you're asking about, setting eggs from just one hen. Each egg I collected, I wrote the date on it. I did a staggered hatch, with three different batches of eggs and three different hatch days. Some of the eggs were over 20 days old. And I still managed to get 12 healthy chicks from 20 fertile eggs. That's a 60% hatch rate, which I was very happy with, considering the circumstances.
The funny thing I noticed was that the older eggs had a higher success rate than the fresher ones. More of the chicks came from eggs set 10-20 days after being collected than from the eggs that were set within the first 10 days. And the two freshest eggs in the last batch didn't hatch, while the two oldest ones did. Weird...
I'd say, collect as many eggs as you like and do an experiment with them. I mean, you don't really have anything to lose by setting old eggs, as you'll always have some fresh ones in the bator too. The old eggs can't affect the hatch rate of the fresher ones just by being in there, so you might as well collect a good few and see what happens. If it was me, I'd collect for at least two weeks and possibly even three.