Keeping Chickens Free Range

Chickens have been in the coop since April 2015. That would make them about 16 months old.
They are Barred Plymouth Rocks.

The range was around the house and barn. We live on 20 acres. The barn is along a fence line on a 5 acre hayfield.

The house and barn are surrounded by woods on three sides.

I was expecting them to return in the evening so I left open the gate in the outside coop fence for their return. They go inside the barn in the evening and I drop a door over the small entrance to keep out predators.

When I go out to close the door, I feed them. So they know where they get fed. If that makes a difference..

"Evening" is a vague time reference, so not sure if you mean dusk/dark or just sunset. Mine don't go into the coop until almost full dark, some going in a little earlier but most will stay out until it's hard to see clearly. If yours aren't used to coming and going in that outside gate on a regular basis, they can get confused about how to get back into the coop and walk around and around that fencing until it's too dark to see and then they'll just roost anywhere they can before it's too dark to see a landing point.

This is the time of year when egg counts can drop due to readying for molt, so the egg count decrease could be due to the heat and molt or they could have established an outside nest in which many are contributing towards. That's one point of free range that doesn't go away....at that point, one can just confine them to the coop for a week to retrain to the nests and also look for their outside nest~most likely inside your barn...could be in an old tub, on hay bales, behind equipment, anywhere...and either let them keep it and collect eggs from that, or destroy it, at which point they will just establish another....BRs are pretty bad for developing outside nests. Of all the breeds I've had, they were the worst for doing that.

It would be harder for you since you have a barn structure, which is pretty much like a huge coop in their eyes, especially since their coop is located in the barn...they just see the whole building as a coop and nesting site. That will be tough but once you learn their habits, it could still work.
 
This will be a multi questions, I'll try to stay on topic. I have 4 RIR's, 3Brahamas, 4 Black Beauties (I think), and 5 banties, 10 guieneas I free range from daylight till dark. I got my flock from the local feed store the last week of May. I have no dog but my neighbor has 6 full blood registered German Shepard pups for sale. I'm not sure I'm ready for another dog right now after we had to put our corgi down because of cancer. (My wife treated him better than she did me. Lol that's a whole nother thread). Any experience with GS's being good guard dogs for chickens? I have not lost any to preditors yet. Emphasis on yet. I did here coyotes 2 nights ago so I took my flashlight that flashes red continueiously and put it out by the coop, because I had 6 guineas on top of the coop and 2 on a trailer behind the coop. No losses. At what age should I expect them to start laying so I can keep them on the run till they have laid? I have 2 white Bramha's that have a fairly large comb and 1 that does not. One of the large comb clucks like a hen but looks like a rooster, any thoughts on that. Then of my 4 RIR's 3 are for sure hens and one has a much larger comb, bought all the same time tagged as hens. Your thoughts on that. Thanks Willie

Just a few points:
1. Unless you are an exceptional trainer, it's kind of a crap shoot as to whether or not a GSD will ever be OK around chickens.
2. If you get a pup, it could be up to 2 years before it can work as a reliable guard without worrying about what it will do to the chickens.
3. If coyotes are the problem they will lure a single dog out while another attacks the flock. If there are more than 2 they will probably take down the dog.
4. The best option is at least 2 adult dogs from a recognized LGD breed, already trained. Good stock LGD pups are expensive for a reason and trained adults much more so.
5. A 100# dog will eat a lot.
6. If it's going to be a reliable guard, it won't be a typical pet. Not to say you can't love it and bring it in occasionally, but its home will be out with the chickens.

I say all this after I had thought about a LGD because of problems with fox and coyotes. My wife got a deal on one for a Christmas present for me but turned out she was only 1/2 Great Pyrenees and did not have an adult to show her the ropes. We love her to death but she will never be a LGD.








 
I usually go out around 7 or 7:30 to settle them for the night. They come into the inside coop when they hear me...I feed them and top off the water and then drop the outside door to the outside pen. Then when I get up in the am, usually around 6:30 or so I go and pull up the door and let them out...most times they are still roosting.

I found one egg alongside the outside coop fencing, but that is all...I'll go out later and check all around the barn. It's 3 bays, and there is hedgerow on the one side, so they could have been laying anywhere.

I tried to catch the one loner again this morning about 4:30, but she got away again...
 
I usually go out around 7 or 7:30 to settle them for the night. They come into the inside coop when they hear me...I feed them and top off the water and then drop the outside door to the outside pen. Then when I get up in the am, usually around 6:30 or so I go and pull up the door and let them out...most times they are still roosting.

I found one egg alongside the outside coop fencing, but that is all...I'll go out later and check all around the barn. It's 3 bays, and there is hedgerow on the one side, so they could have been laying anywhere.

I tried to catch the one loner again this morning about 4:30, but she got away again...

I found four eggs in my husband's small boat, which is parked next to my coop with the nesting boxes. I guess that looked inviting since the nesting boxes were busy! It looked like leghorn eggs to me! I have 3 brown leghorns and one surviving white leghorn.
 
Just a few points:
1. Unless you are an exceptional trainer, it's kind of a crap shoot as to whether or not a GSD will ever be OK around chickens.
2. If you get a pup, it could be up to 2 years before it can work as a reliable guard without worrying about what it will do to the chickens.
3. If coyotes are the problem they will lure a single dog out while another attacks the flock. If there are more than 2 they will probably take down the dog.
4. The best option is at least 2 adult dogs from a recognized LGD breed, already trained. Good stock LGD pups are expensive for a reason and trained adults much more so.
5. A 100# dog will eat a lot.
6. If it's going to be a reliable guard, it won't be a typical pet. Not to say you can't love it and bring it in occasionally, but its home will be out with the chickens.

I say all this after I had thought about a LGD because of problems with fox and coyotes. My wife got a deal on one for a Christmas present for me but turned out she was only 1/2 Great Pyrenees and did not have an adult to show her the ropes. We love her to death but she will never be a LGD.









I'll respectively disagree with nearly all those points and have the dog(s) to prove it. I've also seen GSDs who do wonderfully on chickens and they are not owned by a professional trainer...they are just owned by someone who knows how to establish their place over their dogs. I've also had a 1/2 GP dog and would say she performed much like a typical LGD even when the other half of her was Lab.

1. GSD are exceptionally smart and responsive to their owner's wants and will work hard just for that. I had a neighbor bring a young GSD dog here and she immediately started chasing the chickens. It took me all of 2 min. to teach her to be around them without chasing them....in fact, the rest of her time here she ignored my free range chickens. Easiest and quickest reaction I've ever seen from a grown but still young dog that had never been around chickens before. She would have been a dream to train on them for guarding purposes. All the time she lived near us she would come by our land but never once make an attempt on the chickens here....she had learned it once and retained it thereafter. Very smart dog.

2. I had a 2 mo. old LGD pup just this past year in training...took all of 20 min. to show him what I wanted and he's never attempted to attack a chicken here. He's now 1 yrs old and is shaping up to be a fine chicken dog...foiled an attack on the birds by a stray dog just the other day. He has been ranging with the birds unsupervised since the first week he arrived and is working every day at the job. His partner is a 10 yr old Lab/BC mix dog...he was trained on chickens when he was 5 mo. old and he too never touched a tooth to a bird in all these years. It can be done and I'm no trainer, that's for sure.

3. Which brings me to the third statement...which is patently false but keeps being told like it's gospel. Has it ever happened, I'm sure it has, but does it always happen? Nope.

My Lab/BC mix dog has been working alone on range, protecting these chickens, since his old partner died back in 2010. Before I got him as a pup, she worked by herself on the birds. There is a resident coyote pack here that range on our land and a bigger one ranged on the land I lived on before coming here. The whole lure the dog out thing is not a sure and certain thing...that depends on the intelligence of your dog. Jake nor Lucy have never been "lured out" to meet up with and be killed by the pack...a single animal should be smart enough to put his back to a wall and meet the coyotes on his own terms. That's exactly what Lucy and Jake did when the coyotes come calling....put their back in a corner and bark their warnings. They never come in to get the dog. I've also never lost a chicken to a coyote, even though the pack howls around this meadow quite frequently....not all dogs are stupid enough to try and take on a whole coyote pack.

I also knew an old farmer who just had the one LGD working his sheep....and she would quite regularly deposit dead coyotes by his gate. Apparently, the whole single dog working thing doesn't always apply, nor do the coyotes always win.

4. You can look for bargains on LGD pups...I got mine for $100 and you can train your own. You don't have to be an exceptional trainer, just know enough that the pup has to live where he works and how to convey to him what is yours and what his job is. One thing I can tell you....he won't learn it cuddled in your arms or on the couch with the family...but that doesn't mean he can't be a great and loving pet still. Ben thinks I hung the moon...actually, all my dogs have...and act just like anyone's dogs when anyone comes around, just wagging and wanting pets and loving. They don't have to be all work nor all pet, but a little of both makes for a great chicken dog.

I encourage you to go ahead and explore the GSD for chicken dog use...if they are smart enough to train for finding bombs, as blind seeing eye dogs, police work, etc. they can surely sit out in the yard and watch a chicken. Most dogs like that just want a job to do and, once you've given them one, they will do it very well.

Everything they say can't be done usually has been done or can be done, so don't think it cannot. Go for it!
 
I usually go out around 7 or 7:30 to settle them for the night. They come into the inside coop when they hear me...I feed them and top off the water and then drop the outside door to the outside pen. Then when I get up in the am, usually around 6:30 or so I go and pull up the door and let them out...most times they are still roosting.

I found one egg alongside the outside coop fencing, but that is all...I'll go out later and check all around the barn. It's 3 bays, and there is hedgerow on the one side, so they could have been laying anywhere.

I tried to catch the one loner again this morning about 4:30, but she got away again...

Finding an egg alongside the outside coop fencing is telling....it tells me she tried to find her way back to the nests but the fence is confusing her. Chickens are not real bright, especially when it comes to fencing...they can see where they want to go but can't seem to understand to go around the fence to get there. You could try opening a pop door directly from the barn to the outside for further ranging experiments and only let them in and out of that door so they can understand how to get in and out without having to skirt the fence.

If your birds that are free ranging out there don't hear or see you when you come to feed~and if they are not trained to come at your feeding call, they may not know to come in that early. I have some that don't even come to the evening feeding because they are finding such good eats out there right at dusk that they don't care about the feed. If I shut the door at feeding time I'd still have a lot of stragglers out there ranging that wouldn't come back to the coop until almost full dark and then they'd roost anywhere they could.

You could also let them out after noon, when most of them will have already laid their eggs...that's what a lot of folks do.

Sometimes, when wanting to free range, there will be some adaptive changes that need to be made and then patience...patience until they learn the routine, how to get back in to nest or roost, etc. They are none too bright but they can learn it eventually.
 
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The last one is our daughter! It's a little old of the barred rock, but we love this photo so much!

This is some of our birds. They free range, but we have 2 big dogs, and a year old cat that roam around the yard and keep everything away. It's awesome whenever the rooster senses predators. Right when he gives the warning call, all of our chickens and ducks go right to there homes.

I just wanted to show off our babies. It's been a while, but they are all doing great!
 
I've been seeing the straggler along the fence but when I approach her she skitters off. The entrance to the outside coop is right in line with her travel but she passes it up, all it would take would be one left turn, and heads for the fence that is in among the tree line...then when I go to the right of her she takes off left, completely passes up the open gate and goes back around the fence....

You are correct..they are not the brightest of creatures, are they?

In the morning she is roosting on the nest box where it comes out of the coop inside the barn.I turned 1/6th of the barn into the coop when I first built it some years ago. It's 3 bays wide and two bays deep.

I have tried two mornings to net her and she gets away. I set a live trap with water and corn..maybe she will go in like one of the others did. Perhaps if I leave her alone for a day or two I'll be able to go out early and net her.

I'm afraid the local wildlife will get her sooner or later...we have fox, raccoons and coyotes around in the woods.
 
Ok first off no getting in road you may have to put them up youselves and They will not all stick together

My chickens free range on my 9.5 acres, they always put themselves away, they almost always stick together or very close to each other, and they have never gotten on the road but I live at the back of my property so they would have to travel almost 300 yards to get to the road
 

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