Two old posts of mine:
Regarding Layer Feed
General Feed Recommend
Now, having said, there are plenty of people who feed Chickens (even Roosters) "Layer" formulations, and never notice any problems. There are host of reasons for that related to individual chicken genetics, the breed generally, the time period over which they are kept, a lack of reference to a bird not impaired by excess calcium, and a lack of knowledge of what to look for on the part of the keeper. As a progressive pathology, until the buildup is quite severe there are few (if any) external signs and even the internal signs can be hard to discern w/o magnification. As well, many of the external signs (like gout) are frequently dismisssed as a routine sign of old age.
The benefits of higher protein formulations are relatively small - a couple percent increase in rate of lay, a couple percent increase in egg size, a couple percent improvement in speed of weight gain and final size, a couple percent improvement in mortality. But for the typical backyard flock, those differences while measurable, are not noticeable. A bird that would lay 250 eggs in a year may instead lay 255. Average egg weight increases about 1g. yes, one gram. Final bird weight may be an ounce or two heavier. Birds will be a little more resistant to illness and injury.
So why do I recommend as I do???? Because there is absolutely no down side to it, apart from a slight increase in price. and because the typical BYCer is not raising commercial birds under commercial conditions, with a commercial focus on maximizing economics.