Wow! What a diverse thread. There are so many approaches to poultry farming. I guess all can explain why they make the choices that they do.
Our farm is built around heritage fowl. It's a beautifu; way of farming. We do not house any industrial hybrids either for meat or for eggs. So, I choose not to speak to those.
For eggs and meat with traditional breeds, there are a couple of ways of going about it. Dual-purpose breeds are really meat birds that lay to varying degrees, some more well, some less well. If they have access to forage it reduces the grain bill, which reduces the ultimate price of egg production. If they are kept in more confined spaces the price of the eggs is raised.
Egg breeds are the best layers, both in quantity and the economics of production. They lay eggs of various sizes depending on the breed, but that is of no real importance for the home kitchen. Most flock owners will end up with more eggs than they know what to do with. Some great egg layers are Anconas, Andalusians, Hamburgs, Lakenvelders. They are fine 16 week fryers or twenty week fricassee cockerels, as well.
As for meat breeds, there are five that are praised above all others for meat quality: the Dorking, La Fleche, Houdan, Crevecoeur, and Old English Game. They are truly excellent. They are quite fine grained, fone boned, and juicy. None is as large as a Cornish X, yet Cornish X size is unnatural and thus will not be reflected in the size of natural chickens. Those five, are, however, of better meat quality.
For fast maturity, the NH is king. Followed by the Plymouth Rocks and Wyandottes.
Of all of them, the La Fleche will probably lay the best.
The decision ultimately needs to be made as to one's level of commitment/involvement. If one simply wants meat and eggs without any relationship to the fowl, then commercial birds are fine, I suppose. But if one wishes to be deeply engaged in the process, see improvement year after year in one's flock, through the development of one's own strain. If one has any inclination to work toward environmental sustainability and food security, then these things have to do with the selection of a heritage dual purpose breed, or a heritage dual-purpose breed and a heritage layer. One breeds them yearly, remains commited to the same breed or two, and builds a homestead around them
Best of luck, and feel free to visit our website:
www.yellowhousefarmnh.com