Site selection and preparation is probably the most important issue of all, when one considers the technical side of poultry waste management.
But there is also a simpler and far more sublime concept worth considering:
Have fewer chickens in the same space.
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Confinement is the culprit, as always. Chickens will denude their living space in no time with their incessant scratching. It's what they do - it's all they do. Well, that and defecating 70% of what they eat. Couple these two and you have a diseased mess, quick.
The way to beat it is to think outside of the normal box and unbind them. Undo their confinement and give them enough room, so the earth itself can begin to absorb their activities. Ideally, you turn them loose so they can roam at will.
But for most that is impractical. SO, if you cannot give them unlimited space, give them as much as you can in your alloted area. So, how many are enough?
Are you ready? - - - 87.12 square feet/bird is minimum.
More space is better. I allow double that and have never had a problem with mud or filth.
But, you can limit out on your space allotment pretty quick using these numbers. This means your next option is to have fewer birds equal to the space.
On another note, it is worth examining the following: dispense with roofs and other enclosing structures. Open things up to the air, so to speak, and add shrubbery and low undergrowth to the run. I like to think of the run as really a miniature jungle, instead of the "normal" moonscape most people subject their chicknes to.
Few can wrap their mind around such thinking, I admit. These ideas impose limits, restrictions and discipline on the "feathered aquarium effect" most are shooting for. When it becomes apparent that one can only have 6 or 8 chickens in such a nominal sized run, instead of 25 or 30 variegated birds slogging around, well........ who wants to hear that?
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When in doubt, simply do what Pat says. She knows her stuff.
BTW PAT, very nice article.