What you need: A coop with something for the birds to roost on and a couple or three nesting boxes, a run where they can run around and not escape.
Besides that, your coop needs to lock up well at night so hungry creatures can't access them at night. And make sure they have easy access to water and all the food they can eat. Unlike certain dogs, chickens will eat however much they need to push out an egg every day.
If you can open their run and let them run around and eat bugs and grass, they'll eat a lot less feed and your eggs may taste better and be bigger. On the downside, it'll become more dangerous to walk around in your yard (due to chicken poop).
Another thing they need: dirt. They'll bathe in it. If you give them a defined run, it'll turn to dirt soon enough. If you let them free range all day, they'll find some dirt or create a li'l dirt patch. But you can get a kiddie pool and toss some dirt in it for them if you're real nice.
Others have a lot more experience and will have better info than me.
