Chickens need calcium for body maintenance and growth. If they are laying eggs they need a lot more calcium for eggshells. Chickens do not digest and absorb all the calcium they eat, some calcium passes through their system and out the rear end.
If the only calcium source were their own eggshells it is obviously not enough. But that is not the only source they have. Chicken feed has some calcium. If they can forage or you provide treats many plants are a calcium source. A lot of the creepy crawlies they catch and eat can contain a lot of calcium. They may find various types of shells in their foraging, snail shells for example. If the native rock contains calcium they can get a lot of calcium from that, especially limestone.
If your chickens are getting enough calcium from another source they may not even eat their eggshells if you offer them to them.
I suggest a fairly simple test. If your eggshells are hard and thick enough, they are getting enough calcium from some source. If your shells become thin, offer a calcium supplement.
I grew up on a farm that had a lot of limestone on it. We never bought oyster shell or any calcium supplement for the chickens. The eggshells were fed to the pigs we were growing to butcher. The chickens did not even get their own eggshells yet they laid hard-shelled eggs.
Just because one person does OK feeding eggshells to their flock does not mean everyone on the planet will. We are all unique and need to find our own solutions if we even have a problem.