My Daughter recently showed in our county. Here, the judge was licensed and judged on standards plus care. As it was explained to us after the judging, he looks for the fancy chicken that most closely resembles those in the book plus standards in build, feathering, toes, breast, etc. If he has to entries that are close, he picks the one that displays the most care in raising.
Our daughter's first year, we have alot to learn but the best place for information is right here! We learned more about our breeds and the standards right in Backyard chicken. (Thanks everyone-because of the wonderful information we learned her, she took champion with her japs and reserve champion with her silkies)