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Oh man, thats a loaded question..... There are so many things, and so many ways to provide the necessary nutrition.
Personally I am feeding Purina Game Bird Chow Breeder Formula. Its formulated for superior plumage growth. Its a 20% protein formula, and the extra protein promotes feather growth.
Some people choose to do the organic thing, which you'll have to ask someone else about, because I know ABSOLUTELY nothing about certified organic stuff.
Others choose to take a commercially prepared feed like Game Bird Chow or others, and "custom mix their own feed. Below is a feed recipe that a friend of mine mixes herself. She raisies Silkies but I'm sure you could apply it elsewhere.
"Our feed blend starts with a 20% protein commercial poultry feed. Since Purina is available in our area, we use Purina Gamebird Layena, which does not contain the marigold oil supplement that can affect white feathers.
In a 5 gallon bucket, fill approximately 3/4 full with base feed and add:
1 cup crimped oats
1 cup crimped barley
1 cup wheat
1/2 cup safflower seeds
3/4 cup sunflower chips
1/2 cup flax seeds
1 scoop Manna Pro Sho-Glo
1 heaping tablespoon Brewer's Yeast & Garlic Powder
Mix together well, and add:
1/2 cup wheat germ oil blend or vegetable oil
1/4 cup Red Cell
Mix together very well to distribute oil and red cell evenly.
The birds also get chopped eggs and grated carrots once a week, greens like kale, collard greens, romaine lettuce as they are available, leftover tomatoes, or any fruit that is starting to go bad. In the summer, they absolutely love watermelon! I cut most of the red part off the rinds and put it in containers for the family, and feed the rinds to the silkies.
Twice a month, we feed a yogurt grain mixture that the birds love and that contains the good gut bacteria necessary for good digestion and health."
Anyone can come up with a diet of their own. It just takes a little research and finding the nutritional values of the ingredients. Most poultry books have a section on feeding, and a lot of exhibition breeders will be happy to share their diets with you.