GMO is not as simple as selective "breeding".Not exactly how indepth of an answer you're looking for, so...
short answer: GMO =Genetically Modified Organism
When most people think of GMO they think of like people manipulating DNA in a lab, but really GMOs are as simple as selective breeding
Really most of our modern day crops are genetically modified in some way, whether selected for size, or growth speed, or whatever.
Corn is one of the most referenced examples because corn used to be very different, it was a lot smaller, with much fewer kernels, and they were in like a shelly thing
But like really most of our food are GMOs and have been selectively bred for certain traits.
I don't know where you got the idea that corn was much smaller before GMO. We grew corn before there was GMO and our corn was every bit as big as the corn currently on the market.
"GM is a technology that involves inserting DNA into the genome of an organism. To produce a GM plant, new DNA is transferred into plant cells. Usually, the cells are then grown in tissue culture where they develop into plants. The seeds produced by these plants will inherit the new DNA."