Quote:
Manganese deficiency in chicks results in slipped tendon. In laying and breeding birds, manganese deficiency results in lowered egg production, reduced eggshell strength, poor hatchability, and reduced fertility.
Manganese is an antioxidant nutrient that can be found in several food items. Rich sources of manganese include whole grains, nuts, leafy vegetables. Foods high in phytic acid, such as beans, seeds, nuts, whole grains, and soy products, or foods high in oxalic acid, such as cabbage, spinach, and sweet potatoes, may slightly inhibit manganese absorption. Food sources of manganese include whole grain products, some fruits and vegetables such as pineapple, kale and strawberries.
Vitamin A deficiency in chicks results in poor growth, poor feathering, nasal and eye discharge and pale comb and wattles.
Vitamin A is necessary for good vision and is an antioxidant. Food sources for Vitamin A include cod liver oil, carrots, sweet potatoes, pumpkins, kale, and cantaloupe.
Vitamin E deficiency results in crazy chick disease. Signs include incoordination, convulsions and death. The deficiency also increases embryonic mortality.
Vitamin E is an antioxidant and is necessary for reproduction, healthy nervous system and muscular system development. Food sources of Vitamin E are seeds, spinach and wheat germ.
