Let me put the loss of a calf in perspective for you. So you think you could reimburse a farmer for the loss of a calf? Well, let's see. An average Holstein dairy heifer at our farm will have her first calf at two years old. That first year she will give around 30,000 pounds of milk. As of today, milk is worth $19.00/hundredweight. That's a gross income of $57,000 dollars in the first year with that animal, PLUS a 50% chance of another heifer calf. The second lactation, besides another calf that has a 50% chance of being female, the cow will do better. So let's say 35,000 pounds of milk a year at $19/hundredweight, for a gross income of $66,500. Now, a useful life of a dairy cow is about eight years. So let's say that she brings in a gross income of $389,500 over her lifetime, PLUS six calves, 50% of whom will also bring in similar amounts of income once they reach two years old. Of course, there are a LOT of inputs in dairy farming, and that $389,000 is certainly MOSTLY taken up by costs, but still, a dairy cow will net thousands of dollars worth of income over her lifetime PLUS calves which also bring in thousands of dollars of income over each of their lifetimes. Furthermore, each generation of calves tends to be genetically superior to the generation before, so you're not just losing that calf, you're losing her bloodlines as well, which is an even bigger blow than the loss of the calf itself.
So your dog kills a calf. You offer the farmer market price for what your predator did. That's about $90 at a livestock auction. To compensate the farmer for THOUSANDS in lost income, plus all the calves she would have had, plus her genetics.
You moved from the city. Great. You clearly know nothing about farming. LEARN something instead of blithely assuming that money fixes everything.
I read your reply that he's not a good farmer. Poor managers do cause a LOT of problems, and you certainly have the right to tell him that you can't keep your dogs away from the offal. But if you can't, it's not his responsibility to clean up, it's yours to figure out a way to keep your dogs home. Even if that means that they only go out on a leash or you put up a stout fence. This is fair. You keep your dogs on your property no matter what, or they are at risk. If his dogs roam, then call animal control or shoot them if they chase your chickens. This is also fair. What's not fair is making him change what he does because you can't keep your dogs on your own property.