Yes you can harvest down from your geese. No, it's not like tugging hair out. You know how you can pet a cat that is shedding and the silly thing gives you enough fur to make a house out of? That's what happens when birds moult.
"Holding the goose down and pulling out the feathers" sounds worse than it is. You don't harvest down from a goose that is running and you don't get the down by singing or staring intently.
Geese moult twice a year: once in late summer and once in early spring. When they moult you'll know - your yard will suddenly look like it's snowing. When they are moulting grab your goose and tug a bit on his down - not a fistful. If it comes out without a hitch then keep at it, harvesting the down using your pointer finger and thumb. If it doesn't come out easily then give your goose a treat he likes and send him on his way.
I haven't harvested down myself, but I'd like to try it out sometime in the near future. I'm a big fan of learning how. That's one more thing our geese can give to us that we can use to restuff pillows, make funky gifts or sell to others. Plus being able to harvest down makes geese even more useful to have around the farm. It's one more good trait to tell people about when you want to get them hooked on geese
For anyone who thinks it's cruel, this _can_ be a cruel act if not done right. Just as shearing sheep and harvesting wool from angora rabbits can be cruel when not done right. Just because certain groups highlight the bad or ignore the good doesn't mean it's 100% cruel all the time. These same people are oftentimes convinced that keeping animals in captivity, stealing away their eggs to eat and, God forbid, eating your own animals, are all unforgivable sins.
As for the specific details, I'll browse and ask around to see what I can find out. I've been meaning to find out for ages. This is a nice incentive.