Mature chickens show signs 3 weeks after being fed a deficient diet. In young chicks, it can appear before 2 weeks of age.
Onset is sudden in young chicks. There is anorexia and an unsteady gait. Later on, there are locomotor signs, beginning with an apparent paralysis of the flexor of the toes. The characteristic position is called "stargazing", meaning a chick "sitting on its hocks and the head in opisthotonos.
Thiamine derivatives and thiamine-dependent enzymes are present in all cells of the body, thus, a thiamine deficiency would seem to adversely affect all of the organ systems. However, the nervous system and the heart are particularly sensitive to thiamine deficiency, because of their high oxidative metabolism.
Thiamine deficiency can lead to severe fatigue of eyes and myriad problems including neurodegeneration, wasting and death. A lack of thiamine can be caused by malnutrition, a diet high in thiaminase-rich foods (raw freshwater fish, raw shellfish, ferns) and/or foods high in anti-thiamine factors (tea, coffee, betel nuts)[29] and by grossly impaired nutritional status associated with chronic diseases, such as alcoholism, gastrointestinal diseases, HIV-AIDS, and persistent vomiting.[30] It is thought that many people with diabetes have a deficiency of thiamine and that this may be linked to some of the complications that can occur.[31][32]
Now, before we get bogged down in the amounts needed to cause a thiamine deficiency in animals and in humans, let's consider this~imagine all the commercially raised chickens, cows and dairy producers that are fed this thiamine inhibitor in their daily feed rations to prevent coccidiosis. Humans are eating these meats and getting the collective hormones, nutrients or lack thereof and medicines that are present in the meat and nerve tissue and organs. Especially in the organs.
They say that these animals are no longer fed antibiotics....but they ARE fed Amprolium and certain soy proteins that enhance hormone secretions. These ingredients are passed on to the consumer...there has been enough research to support this and it all lists the health problems that result.
Now, I'm no alarmist, nor do I eat commercial meats, eggs or dairy, so I'm not worried at all about my own health here....but I am a little weary of people getting up on the high horse and insisting that medicated feeds do not contain antibiotics!!! like that makes a difference and should set one's mind at ease....it doesn't. It says medicated because there are medications in it. Meds, medicines, vitamin inhibitors, hormone enhancers...any way you slice it, it's not something you necessarily want added to your diet in this quiet little way.
Beekissed, you're so delightfully lucid! Great post!
This is one of the things that initially bothered me about medicated feed. People are told to use a medication on their chicks from day ONE that keeps them from absorbing VITAMINS, and this is often before the chicks ever touch soil. One argument is that it isn't a high enough amount to harm them with vitamin deficiency. If that's true, then it goes to reason that it isn't enough to protect them from cocci either! At least that's where my mind goes with that. But i can't see the virtue in giving a developing chick a medication that keeps it from absorbing the very vitamins that can help it become strong and resistant to disease. It doesn't make any sense to me.
The information you shared about beriberi is new to me and makes me wonder about a lot of mysterious deaths of young chicks who are on medicated feed.
You are a wealth of excellent information.
Thank you for your post.