THis begs the question-- there must be a minimum protein that works?? Not trying to be argumentatvie , but trying to get my head around the concept.
Perhaps there is value in a big Jersey giant that takes a long time to grow out; perhaps that breed was designed to cope with a low protein diet--?
Of course there would be. You could say that the standard chick starter at 18% would be a minimum. Or you might say 20% is. Those numbers did not just pop in someone's head, and their is science to support it. I could not see starting them at any less, and prefer a little more. How much more? That is more debatable and the varying opinions will depend on anecdotal evidence, and perceptions built by what we hear.
Look, if I am going to grow broilers with standard breeds, on grass, you can bet that I am going to push them. Pullets, I would consider an ideal that is different. To replace a general flock, I might vary a bit to.
There is a point where they can only use so much up, and the rest is wasted. You find that place faster in confinement than you will on range. How you raise them does matter in these considerations.
What you are raising matters to. They do not all grow out the same. It seams that the big framed Oriental breeds are better grown out a little slower. Malay are more prone to leg problems for example. Slow, strong, and sure, seams to be better for some.
Another consideration is that selection plays a part. Selecting for faster growth on 30% feed, is different than selecting for faster growth on 20% feed. One bird may better utilize the lower protein feed than another concerning early growth. There are a number of traits that come into play that we cannot see.
Big boned and framed birds tend to and should grow out slower than shorter birds in length and height. Jersey Giants were not selected for early growth rates, but final size. Compare Minorca with Leghorns. They should not mature in the same time frame. You do not want them to.
I am not being argumentative either. I am just sharing a perspective and some observations I have made. Anyone can take it for what it is worth. I am certain that many will disagree.
A chicken's heart rate is near 275 bpm. They have high metabolisms. What they need more than anything is energy.