Your description of Pip's behavior does sound like a female. If male he would be courting; pacing back and forth on the perch, head bobbing, and offering to feed the hen. Aggression is more a female behavior in budgies.
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I've had Pip for around 5-6 years now. It was a small pet shop that sold hand-fed budgies, but they never gave an explanation as to how he was sexed. It seems a little small to be an English.....that said, I'm no budgie expert. Thank you so much for your input! Here's a better picture of Pip's cere. (I'm personally leaning towards female)
View attachment 2107137
Here you go! I don't think she has any black bumps. It may have been the angle. View attachment 2107139