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Each experienced keeper here will have their own take, based on their own experience. A chicken can survive, feral, on dung digging, bugs, weeds, grasses, scraps, found dead animals, you name it. They have for 4000 years. Scratch surely isn't going to kill them and as long as they can range about, they'd likely survive just fine, even better than just fine.
But here's the thing. I don't want survival, I want healthy, robust, productive hens. That's my niche in the chicken thing. Hens. Eggs. To accomplish that, I must feed the best layer mash I can. Truth? My feed's ingredients is essentially scratch, in the beginning. Think about it. Wheat, oats, corn, milo, soybeans and such. Nothing worth paying a buck or two more than I can buy scratch, right? Hold the phone. Actually, to those base grains, my old fashioned, local, mill adds 5 lbs per 50 of a mineral/vitamin/nutrient rich package. Worth every penny of that additional $2. I know my feed represents the very best of agri-science and nutrition. Old timer? Yup. Old fashioned? Yes indeed. Stupid? nope. If I divided my flock in half and fed half of them scratch and ranging, I'd get far less eggs. Simple reality and simple economic reality. My feed IS essentially a high quality scratch, just with the added package. There is very little to be gained in feeding the scratch alone, absent the added nutrition.