Re Compost: just make a big ol' pile of your chicken litter, kitchen and garden castoffs (no meat, bones, or heavy oils/butter; they attract rats).
Layer Green/fresh stuff (kitchen/garden, lawnmowings) with Brown/dry stuff (litter, leaves) and soil. I rake mine back and forth every couple weeks to aerate and toss the layers, and so I can add new layers lower in the pile (the older stuff from the pile can make up the brown layers).
Other things that make compost awesome: Rabbit, horse, goat, and sheep poo, worms, water (should be damp pile, will encourage worms throughout), leaves, paper bags, newspaper, shredded junkmail, natural fibers (wool, cotton), eggshells.
My pile is contained on one side by a chain-link fence, and on two sides by recycled lattice panels with 4x4 corners. I've seen people use pallets also. I like to keep the 4th side open so I can rake the pile in (leaves and grass clippings from the yard) and out (for turning). Some people make 2 bays side-by-side, and to turn their pile they'll shovel it out of one and into the next.