1995 FASEB Report
Prompted by continuing public interest and a flurry of glutamate-related studies in the late 1980s, FDA contracted with FASEB in 1992 to review the available scientific data. The agency asked FASEB to address 18 questions dealing with:
* the possible role of MSG in eliciting MSG symptom complex
* the possible role of dietary glutamates in forming brain lesions and damaging nerve cells in humans
* underlying conditions that may predispose a person to adverse effects from MSG
* the amount consumed and other factors that may affect a person's response to MSG
* the quality of scientific data and previous safety reviews.
FASEB held a two-day meeting and convened an expert panel that thoroughly reviewed all the available scientific literature on this issue.
FASEB completed the final report, over 350 pages long, and delivered it to FDA on July 31, 1995. While not a new study, the report offers a new safety assessment based on the most comprehensive existing evaluation to date of glutamate safety.
Among the report's key findings:
* An unknown percentage of the population may react to MSG and develop MSG symptom complex, a condition characterized by one or more of the following symptoms:
* burning sensation in the back of the neck, forearms and chest
* numbness in the back of the neck, radiating to the arms and back
* tingling, warmth and weakness in the face, temples, upper back, neck and arms
* facial pressure or tightness
* chest pain
* headache
* nausea
* rapid heartbeat
* bronchospasm (difficulty breathing) in MSG-intolerant people with asthma
* drowsiness
* weakness.
* In otherwise healthy MSG-intolerant people, the MSG symptom complex tends to occur within one hour after eating 3 grams or more of MSG on an empty stomach or without other food. A typical serving of glutamate-treated food contains less than 0.5 grams of MSG. A reaction is most likely if the MSG is eaten in a large quantity or in a liquid, such as a clear soup.
* Severe, poorly controlled asthma may be a predisposing medical condition for MSG symptom complex.