I have always kept my food and water in the coop until i started free ranging my flock a few months ago. I started keeping their food and nesting boxes under the cover of our carport once they began free ranging (because they more or less abandoned their original coop which is out in the woods, I can't blame them, its snakey out there!) and they gather there A LOT. Especially when it rains. We are building a new coop and have everything complete except for screwing the tin on the roof, which we will be doing this weekend. I plan on having one entire side for roosting and the other side for nesting boxes, food, and water. My hope is this will re-locate the "hang out spot" from under my carport to the hen house.
We use 10 gallon buckets with lids and horizontal poultry nipples (which are AMAZING) for our waterers, so spilled or soiled water is never an issue for us. I would guess it depends on your set up, but I really prefer to keep mine inside the coop. It gives the chickens protection from aerial predators while they are distracted by eating/drinking, and they can grab a quick snack and a drink after they get done laying their egg without having to go out of their way. I keep a light in their coop and they are always grabbing one last midnight snack before bed too. They really like to hang out around their food, at least at my house, so where ever that food is, is where they are going to be. So if you want to encourage them to hang out in a specific place, that is a good way to do it, and that is why I do it.