I agree that there is some conflicting information about how long the vaccine will last after being mixed. Just from personal experience though, the only mareks case I've had in a number of years is with a chick who hatched late. I thought everything had hatched and mixed the vaccine & did the other chicks before I discovered the partially pipped egg rolled to the back of the nest. I helped that chick finish hatching and got it vaccinated and I'm sure it was less than 2 hours after mixing. I'm fairly sure it was no more than 1 1/2 hours. That chick later contracted Mareks. Could have been coincidence, but I don't take any chances now - if it's going to be more than an hour, I mix another batch. Karen