The suggestion to give injections to goats subq rather than IM did not originate with me. That is the recommendation by veterinarians at the University of California Veterinary College at Davis, CA. Some of the best goat veterinarians in the country are to be found there, and when I was breeding goats by necessity I was very well acquainted with several vets at UC Davis whose specialty was dairy goats. I have also attended a number of seminars on the care and medical treatment of small ruminants, which includes goats, at the national convention of the American Dairy Goat Association. Speakers at those seminars come from all over the country. All of the practitioners said to give injections to goats under the skin rather than in the muscle. All of them. The reason being is that that route is less painful for the animal and it is much safer because it is far less likely that you will hit a vein or puncture a nerve that way.
