The amount of space needed really depends on the weather. If it snows for more than a couple of days a year you would need at least 3 foot square per hen. If it rarely snows (like here in Ireland) you will get away with 1.5 f2 per bird. The only time you will need room in a hen house for long is when it snows. It rarely snows here and any snow we do get doesn't last very long so my hen houses don't need to be big. I have 12 layers in a coop just under 4x4 at the moment and all are happy.