They are excellent at trying to make you feel guilty, aren’t they? That is called “spin”. People make a living doing that.
Originally chickens were wild. A hen would lay a clutch of eggs (not a specific number, could be more or less than a dozen), hatch them, raise the chicks, and then do it again, maybe 3 or 4 times a season. Chickens were prey animals like rabbits, squirrels, and mice so they had to reproduce a lot just for enough to live and reproduce the next season.
Then mankind domesticated them. Mankind started protecting them from predators, supplementing their food, and eventually learned to breed them for specific purposes. They may have bred chickens for extra egg production, meat, both meat and eggs, or as decoration and pets like Silkies or Polish. The same kind of thing happened to dogs, sheep, cats, goats, cattle, horses, and many other animals that are now called “domesticated”. If you release these animals back into the wild like that article wants a few would probably revert to their wild ways and reproduce enough for their descendants to survive, but the vast majority would starve to death, die of thirst or exposure, fatally injure themselves, or be eaten by a predator. To me the thought of releasing these domesticated animals into the wild, if you could even find that much “wild” to release them into, is extremely cruel.
Did that chicken die because she was bred to lay a lot of eggs? Not really. If you gather thousands of chickens, horses, dogs, or people in one place some will die. It could be disease or something like an internal defect like heart failure. That’s the cycle of life. The hybrid chickens developed for meat production or egg laying are specialized, without proper feeding and care they are more susceptible to medical problems. They are highly domesticated and do require special care. What that article fails to mention is that the vast majority don’t die from producing a lot of eggs per year.
It is true that chickens bred specifically for meat production will be slaughtered when they have reached the point where they are ready to be butchered. After hens have passed the point in their egg laying life that they are no longer commercially viable to keep as egg laying hens they will be killed. The bodies may be used for something like pet food. Around here we have a lot of commercial poultry production. A lot of the dead bodies are used to produce compost. Some do go to landfills.
To me the important thing to remember in all this is that if it were not for the commercial uses those breeds (actually hybrids) would never have been developed to begin with. Those chickens would have never been hatched to start with. While some dual purpose or bantam chickens may have a small chance to survive in the wild, the specialist meat or egg hybrids would have no chance at all. They are too specialized.