Rotties were bred as the butcher's dog to herd livestock to and from the market, as well as pull carts loaded with produce. Then at the end of the day, they herded what was left of the stock back home, protect the money by wearing a pouch around its neck. When roads were improved for better traveling, they guarded homesteads and factories.
I raised the breed in addition to German Shepherds and Dobermans for fifteen years. I also raised Labs after the switching out the Dobermans. Even today, the Rottie, might be in the AKC Working Group, but it still is eligible for Herding Titles. They are considered the "Rolls Royce" of the dog world.