Hello,
I am up in North Pole, and like Nome, we deal with some extremes, we regularly get colder than -40. I have a very well insulated coop and I have a little bit of everything running through my yard and I do mean everything, including turkeys, ducks, and Guineas. Come May, I have a list for everything and anything I can hatch, people love buying local and I enjoy meeting fellow chicken lovers.
I prefer having a couple of different layers as there are different personalities that can be linked to the different breeds. In my area, the local feed stores sell a lot of barred rocks, RIR, buff orpingtons, sex-links, Black Jersey Giants, Easter Eggers, white rocks, and a few other requested birds. On ducks, khaki campbells lay really well. I haven't had any issues with any of my ducks but I do know that some people have had some issues with runner ducks as they are so skinny and at least one lady in my area says her muscovy drakes don't seem to make it past their third year because of how little body fat they have. I have never heard of anyone having an issue with geese or turkeys, both seem to handle the extremes, even without a coop.
My preference for cold hardy chickens are cochins, brahmas, Easter Eggers that have peacombs, and the like. There are many breeders in Wasilla that offer barnyard mixes and pure breeds that are suitable to your area and come from winter hardy stock. Some of the hardiest birds are going to be your barnyard crosses, they tend to grow strong, lay well and show the best qualities of both parents (kind of like a good mutt dog.) In Wasilla in particular, Terrisa aka alaskanhenhouse brings in and hatches locally, she has ducks, geese, and chickens.
There is also one "official" hatchery in Palmer called Triple D. I have never been there, I have only talked to them on the phone and I know they fly most of their chicks in as well.
There is also a yahoo group just for Alaskans who raise poultry
http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/akdomesticfowl/ Feel free to sign up and pick every one's brains on how we handle our extremes, compete in the fair and do local buy and trade.
If you are building your coop this summer, you may even find yourself adopting a ready made flock come this fall. A lot of people find themselves having to rehome young pullets due to circumstances in the fall and it is a great way to get a young flock and fresh eggs through the winter.