The only way my chickens are ever allowed to free range is when my 120 lb German Shepherd is outside watching diligently for coyotes who lurk in the desert surrounding our remote home. I don't think he is intentionally "guarding" the chickens but rather his entire property of which they are part. He is 100% reliable with them, but that was a result of training, not nature.
The first day I set the chick carton down to get the heater, Ruger thought, "Wow, Mom brought me snacks!" and walked off with one in his mouth. I screeched "No!" and he dropped it, not yet hurt, looking quizzically at me. "Not snacks?" I was relieved that prior to my getting chickens, I had already trained him to be obedient so now he responded quickly to my panicked command.
Then I began the process of patiently teaching him to never hurt a chicken, despite that he chases down and eats jackrabbits and I feed him whole raw chicken. Over several weeks, I carefully let him come close and sniff the chicks in the brooder, telling him to "Leave it!" which is my command to leave anything alone. I petted and kissed and cooed to the chicks so he learned they were mine, important to me, protected by me. By the time they were ready to go outside to free range a bit (7 weeks), I was fairly confident in his understanding.
But in the first five minutes, I saw him carrying something and screeched again in panic! If a dog can roll his eyes in exasperation, he did, then spit out the bone he was carrying and seemed to say, "Chill, Mom, it's not one of your blessed chicks! I got it--no chickens. Sheesh!"
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