Not all animals can throw up; for instance, like horses - that's why so many die of colic...because they can't throw up. And consider the ruminants - I don't think they can vomit - although they can burp - and regurgitate cud from one stomach to another. But I don't know about elephants.
Ummm, ruminants can either throw up or they have a very strong belch. My doe had some projectile corn action going on when she about to kid. She tossed her lunch several times.
Umm not really sure.But... me and hubby went to zoo in our dating stage 25 years ago.They had a new baby elephant there.It was was cute and playing around.It was messing with hubby shirt and pocket.All of a sudden it took hubby cig pack which he had stuck his lighter inside and ate the whole thing ! Hubby went to get someone the keeper came out ran waterhose in his mouth and said he will be just fine he will pass it out lol.Will never forget that. I guess they have pretty resiliant stomach's I dunno.